Metaverso, educación STEM y competencias digitales: una revisión sistemática
Resumen
El metaverso integra tecnologías de realidad aumentada y realidad virtual para ofrecer experiencias inmersivas. Este artículo aborda una revisión sobre la implementación del metaverso en la educación, sus metodologías e implicaciones pedagógicas. También se muestran las posturas críticas del metaverso en educación. El artículo tiene un enfoque en las competencias digitales relacionadas con las áreas de ciencia, tecnología, ingeniería y matemáticas (STEM). Se desarrolla una revisión sistemática y se presentan aplicaciones prácticas del metaverso en STEM por medio de una selección de estudios. Luego del proceso de cribado, el corpus final quedó conformado por 69 artículos seleccionados para el análisis cualitativo y la categorización temática. Al final, se plantean los desafíos técnicos, éticos y sociales subyacentes a esta tecnología inmersiva. Se concluye que la transformación digital y la capacidad de personalización del aprendizaje en el metaverso posibilita una educación adaptada a las necesidades tecnológicas del contexto, lo cual genera oportunidades sensoriales alternas que podrían ser un complemento para las estrategias pedagógicas y didácticas.
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