Review on the optimization of photovoltaic installations against the shadow effect using dynamic algorithms
Resumen
Solar energy is a promising renewable source; however, its performance is affected by the shading effect caused by buildings, dust, bird droppings, and clouds. This phenomenon reduces energy efficiency and causes durability issues in photovoltaic systems. Although strategies have been developed to mitigate the shading effect, the study of dynamic reconfiguration algorithms that adapt to changing conditions in real time remains a necessity. This article reviews current mitigation strategies and evaluates the effectiveness of algorithms aimed at optimizing systems, particularly under cloud-induced shading, by reconfiguring the topology of photovoltaic modules to maximize the global maximum power output of the system. An experimental evaluation was conducted through simulations involving photovoltaic modules matrices and shading patterns. To compare the reconfiguration methods, shading patterns were applied to each algorithm, resulting in an increased power percentage. The Modified Harris Hawks Optimization (MHHO) algorithm outperformed the other methods, achieving a maximum power output increase of 33.27%. Although the results demonstrate that these strategies may mitigate the shading effect, the necessary architecture for real-world application must be considered, as switching elements and additional connection lines pose significant implementation challenges.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Revista Facultad de Ciencias Básicas
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