Influencia del nivel de TIC y de competencias digitales en el desempeño operativo de pymes del sector turístico del Valle del Cauca, Colombia
Resumen
Los beneficios de las TIC en las pymes se resumen en mayor rendimiento, crecimiento, expansión y nuevos productos. La investigación en gestión y sistemas de información suele abordar las TIC sin distinguir el efecto de diferentes tipos de tecnologías y su nivel de uso en las organizaciones. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar el efecto de la disposición y el nivel de uso de distintas herramientas y aplicaciones de TIC, y de las competencias digitales en el desempeño operativo de pymes del sector turístico del Valle del Cauca, Colombia, mediante una encuesta aplicada a 100 representantes legales o gerentes de empresas turísticas, a partir de una población de 2434 pymes. Para el análisis de las variables y sus indicadores se usó PLS-SEM. Los resultados evidenciaron que el nivel de TIC influye positiva y significativamente en el desempeño operativo, aunque las competencias digitales no presentaron un efecto moderador destacable en la relación entre el nivel de TIC y el desempeño operativo. Se concluye que, en la muestra analizada, el nivel de TIC constituye un predictor relevante del desempeño operativo, aunque su efecto no depende necesariamente del nivel general de competencias digitales. Estos hallazgos aportan evidencia empírica sobre el valor estratégico de las TIC en pymes turísticas de economías emergentes y sugieren la necesidad de profundizar en otros factores organizacionales que podrían potenciar dicha relación.
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